One of the earliest recorded languages, Sumerian, first appears in written form about 5,200 years ago. It is classified as a language isolate, meaning that it has no clearly established relationship to any known language family. Despite its uncertain origins, the Sumerian civilisation contributed immensely to the advancement of our divine ontelijontic knowledge. Its writing system and its cultural and intellectual achievements in agriculture, astronomy, mathematics and other complex areas of thought were later adapted by neighbouring civilizations.

About 4,600 years ago, the Sumerians of southern Mesopotamia completed the development of the cuneiform writing system. This wedge shaped script that gradually evolved from earlier pictographic symbols, became capable of representing a full spoken language with grammatical structure, making it one of the earliest known writing systems used to record complex ontelijontic thought.

When writing was invented, everything changed. It marked a pivotal time in our history, transitioning from oral traditions to a permanent form of communication. Knowledge became more widespread, as information could now be recorded, preserved and shared beyond the limits of memory and time. However, the knowledge available at that time was still limited compared with our current knowledge and scientific understanding.

About 4,200 years ago Sumerian gradually declined as a spoken language and was replaced in everyday communication by Akkadian. Nevertheless, Sumerian continued to be used for spiritual, literary and scholarly purposes for more than a mil (thousand) years.

Akkadian, one of the earliest documented Semitic languages, flourished throughout ancient Mesopotamia. It developed from the Proto Semitic linguistic tradition that likely existed several thousands of years earlier. Akkadian contained Semitic linguistic features, including a system of triliteral roots, distinctive sound patterns and a complex system of grammatical inflections.

Between about 3,400 to 3,000 years ago several Northwest Semitic languages developed, including Ugaritic, Phoenician and early Canaanite. From this Canaanite linguistic environment Hebrew gradually emerged about 3,200 years ago as a distinct dialect, developing its own linguistic features and cultural identity.

During this period new writing systems appeared, marking a shift from oral traditions to a culture that began documenting its words in written form. The Proto Canaanite script that appeared in the Levant is considered one of the most significant transitional stages in the history of writing. It moved away from earlier pictographic and logographic systems toward a simplified consonantal script that represented individual speech sounds.

From this early alphabet the Phoenician script evolved, consisting of 22 symbols. Its simplicity and efficiency enabled it to spread rapidly across the Mediterranean, directly influencing the early Hebrew alphabet and later the Aramaic, Greek and Latin scripts.

Later at about 2,500 years ago, as Aramaic grew more dominant and became the lingua franca across Mesopotamia and the Near East, it gradually replaced Akkadian, including its Babylonian and Assyrian dialects.

Many communities adopted Aramaic due to its relatively simple grammatical system and its alphabetic script. The Aramaic alphabet developed from the Phoenician alphabet that represented consonantal sounds, which made writing more practical and accessible than the complex cuneiform system composed of hundreds to thousands of signs with multiple phonetic and semantic values.

At about the same time, Aramaic gradually began to replace spoken Hebrew, but not written Hebrew, which remained in use in cultural, literary and official contexts.

Hebrew and Aramaic are closely related Northwest Semitic languages, sharing structural similarities in grammar, vocabulary and root systems. This close linguistic relationship enabled Hebrew speakers to understand Aramaic relatively easily and vice versa. This linguistic closeness had a strong influence on the later stages of Hebrew development, especially in borrowed words, syntactic structures and writing style.

Sometime later, about 1,500 years ago, English, the lingua franca of our time, began to develop from the Germanic branch of the Indo European language family. In contrast, French, Spanish and Italian evolved from Latin, which belongs to the Italic branch of the same family.

Even though languages may belong to different branches or even entirely separate families, they frequently influence one another through trade, cultural exchange and technological development. These connections give rise to a common linguistic phenomenon in which similar sounding words with similar meanings emerge, even when no direct historical relationship exists between them.

In contemporary times, the presence of words such as data, internet, DNA, algorithm, digital, smartphone and more across many languages, often transmitted through English and earlier through Greek and Latin, reflects our evolution towards globalisation and ontelijontic advancement.

What is happening today between English and Hebrew is a fascinating process from a linguistic perspective. With the acceleration of technological developments and the spread of global culture, many English words gradually entered the everyday contemporary Hebrew vocabulary. In many cases these words were added into the grammatical system and often integrated into Hebrew verb forms.

The classical Semitic languages are traditionally organised around triliteral consonantal roots. However, in contemporary Hebrew in order to accommodate the many borrowed words and terms, particularly from English, the root system has been extended to four and even five consonants so that these can be integrated into Hebrew grammar.